Balanchine Catalogue Archive
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186. On Your Toes 1939
- Music
Richard Rodgers. Lyrics by Lorenz Hart. Musical direction by Leo F. Forbstein
- Choreography
George Balanchine
- Production
Warner Brothers. Produced by Hal B. Wallis, Jack L. Warner, and Robert Lord (associate). Directed by Ray Enright. Screenplay by Jerry Wald and Richard Macaulay from the Broadway show by George Abbott, Richard Rodgers, and Lorenz Hart. Cinematography by James Wong Howe and Sol Polito (SLAUGHTER ON TENTH AVENUE). Film editing by Clarence Kolster. Art direction by Robert M. Haas. Costumes by Orry-Kelly.
- Cast
Vera, Vera Zorina; Phil Dolan, Jr., Eddie Albert; Sergei Alexandrovitch, Alan Hale; Konstantine Morrosine, Erik Rhodes; Phil Dolan, Sr., James Gleason; Mrs. Dolan, Queenie Smith; Peggy Porterfield, Gloria Dickson; Ivan Boultonoff, Leonid Kinsky; Phil Jr. as a boy, Donald O’Connor; and others.
LA PRINCESSE ZENOBIA BALLET: Vera Zorina and others.
SLAUGHTER ON TENTH AVENUE BALLET: Zorina, Eddie Albert; Lew Christensen, André Eglevsky, and others.
SLAUGHTER ON TENTH AVENUE BALLET: Zorina, Eddie Albert; Lew Christensen, André Eglevsky, and others.
Performance Type
Film
Note
Balanchine directed the filming and editing of his dance sequences. He described the choreography as essentially the same as that for the stage play of 1936.
Recorded Performances
Videos/DVD
2004, Kultur, Balanchine (SLAUGHTER ON TENTH AVENUE [excerpt])
Film
Released 1939
Source Notes
Balanchine, Beth Genné, Frank Ries
166. On Your Toes 1936
Musical Comedy in Two Acts and Thirteen Scenes
- Music
Music by Richard Rodgers. Lyrics by Lorenz Hart. Book by Richard Rodgers, Lorenz Hart, and George Abbott. Orchestrations by Hans Spialek
- Choreography
George Balanchine
- Production
Entire production under the supervision of Dwight Deere Wiman. Produced by Dwight Deere Wiman. Staged by Worthington Miner. Scenery by Jo Mielziner. Costumes by Irene Sharaff. Scenery built by Turner Scenic Construction Company and painted by Triangle Scenic Studio; costumes executed by Helene Pons Studio, Brooks Costume Company, Eaves Costume Company, and others.
- Premiere
April 11, 1936, Imperial Theatre, New York. Conductor: Gene Salzer. Pianists: Edgar Fairchild and Adam Carroll. (Out-of-town preview: March 21, Shubert Theatre, Boston.)
- Cast
Phil Dolan III, Ray Bolger; Frankie Frayne, Doris Carson; Vera Barnova, Tamara Geva; Peggy Porterfield, Luella Gear; Sergei Alexandrovitch, Monty Woolley; and others. Dancers: Demetrios Vilan, George Church, Ladies and Gentlemen of the Ballet, 12 women, 8 men. Ladies and Gentlemen of the Ensemble (tap), 13 women, 8 men.
TWO A DAY FOR KEITH (Act I, Scene 1): Sung and danced by Dave Jones, Ethel Hampton, and Tyrone Kearney.
THE THREE B’S (Act I, Scene 3): Sung and danced by Ray Bolger and ensemble.
THERE’S A SMALL HOTEL (Act I, Scene 5): Sung and danced by Doris Carson and Ray Bolger.
LA PRINCESSE ZENOBIA BALLET (Act I, Scene 8): Princesse Zenobia, Tamara Geva; Beggar, Demetrios Vilan; Old Prince, William Baker; Young Prince, George Church.
QUIET NIGHT (Act II, Scene 1): Sung by Earle McVeigh, danced by the tap ensembles.
ON YOUR TOES (Act II, Scene 2): Doris Carson, Ray Bolger, David Morris, tap and ballet ensembles.
SLAUGHTER ON TENTH AVENUE BALLET (Act II, Scene 4): Hoofer, Bolger; Strip Tease Girl, Geva; Big Boss, Church.
TWO A DAY FOR KEITH (Act I, Scene 1): Sung and danced by Dave Jones, Ethel Hampton, and Tyrone Kearney.
THE THREE B’S (Act I, Scene 3): Sung and danced by Ray Bolger and ensemble.
THERE’S A SMALL HOTEL (Act I, Scene 5): Sung and danced by Doris Carson and Ray Bolger.
LA PRINCESSE ZENOBIA BALLET (Act I, Scene 8): Princesse Zenobia, Tamara Geva; Beggar, Demetrios Vilan; Old Prince, William Baker; Young Prince, George Church.
QUIET NIGHT (Act II, Scene 1): Sung by Earle McVeigh, danced by the tap ensembles.
ON YOUR TOES (Act II, Scene 2): Doris Carson, Ray Bolger, David Morris, tap and ballet ensembles.
SLAUGHTER ON TENTH AVENUE BALLET (Act II, Scene 4): Hoofer, Bolger; Strip Tease Girl, Geva; Big Boss, Church.
Performance Type
Musical Theater
Note
315 performances, followed by national tour. LA PRINCESSE ZENOBIA BALLET parodies the ‘Oriental-style’ ballet (such as Schéhérazade). In SLAUGHTER ON TENTH AVENUE, a narrative ballet within the play, a nightclub stripteaser and a hoofer fall in love; a rival arranges for the young man to be killed by a gangster, but the girl saves him. Although these two numbers are most frequently singled out by reviewers as the main dance numbers, photos show that dancers appeared throughout and that the title song was a large production number with full tap and ballet ensembles. At Balanchine’s insistence, On Your Toes was the first Broadway musical to credit staged dances as choreography (a practice already customary in Europe), and is considered the first musical in which the dances were integrated into the plot, performed by dancers who were also dramatic characters. In choreographing for Broadway musicals, Balanchine often used ballet, tap, and ballroom steps, in combination and separately.
Additional Productions
Other Productions
February 5, 1937, Palace Theatre, London, and April 19, 1937, London Coliseum (‘dances’ by Andy Anderson; ‘ballets’ by William Baker, ‘based on the choreography by George Balanchine’).
August 3, 1937, Jones Beach Stadium, Long Island (‘additional choreography by Marjerie Fielding’).
Broadway revival October 11, 1954, Forty-sixth Street Theatre, New York (out-of-town preview September 25, Shubert Theatre, New Haven).
Broadway revival March 6, 1983, Virginia Theatre, New York (out-of-town preview December 19, 1982, Opera House, Kennedy Center, Washington, D.C.), with the 1968 version of SLAUGHTER ON TENTH AVENUE (including a cigarette sequence from the movie [186] not in the original stage version) and additional choreography by Peter Martins; tap sequences credited to Donald Saddler.
August 3, 1937, Jones Beach Stadium, Long Island (‘additional choreography by Marjerie Fielding’).
Broadway revival October 11, 1954, Forty-sixth Street Theatre, New York (out-of-town preview September 25, Shubert Theatre, New Haven).
Broadway revival March 6, 1983, Virginia Theatre, New York (out-of-town preview December 19, 1982, Opera House, Kennedy Center, Washington, D.C.), with the 1968 version of SLAUGHTER ON TENTH AVENUE (including a cigarette sequence from the movie [186] not in the original stage version) and additional choreography by Peter Martins; tap sequences credited to Donald Saddler.
Recorded Performances
Television
1937 adaptation including Princesse Zenobia and Slaughter on Tenth Avenue (BBC [London])
1956 Slaughter on Tenth Avenue (NBC, Omnibus)
Source Notes
Balanchine, Susan Hendl, Lynn Garafola
